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''Bibliothèque bleue'' (lit. "blue library") is the French term for a type of ephemera and popular literature published in Early Modern France (between c. 1602 and c. 1830), comparable to the English chapbook and the German Volksbuch. ''Bibliothèque bleue'' is in origin a term for a publishing scheme introduced 1602 in Troyes by the brothers Jean and Nicolas Oudot, in association with the family of Claude Garnier (1535-1589), who had been printer to the king. Oudot produced prints in low quality and small format, sold with a blue paper cover. These products (of a type that would now be called "brochure") came to be known as ''livres bleus'' or "blue books". The content matter was at first limited to local ephemera, but it was soon popularized and imitated in other cities such as Rouen and Angers, representing the historical origin of "popular mass media" in France.〔Roger Chartier in ''Dictionnaire encyclopédique du Livre'', Cercle de la Librairie, 2003, t. 1, pp. 294-295.〕 Later in the 17th century, the ''Bibliothèque bleue'' in Troyes became a family business run by the sons of Jean Oudot, Jean II and Jacques I, later Nicolas II and Nicolas III. The Oudot business soon encountered competition, notably by the Garnier family. Nicolas III in 1665 married the daughter of a Paris librarian and established himself in the capital, and began to publish in great quantities, on subject matters including theatre, storybook (especially prose retellings of medieval verse novels such as ''Fierabras, Robert le Diable, Jean de Paris'' etc.), satire (''roman picaresque''), religious literature, manuals on etiquette, cook-books, astrology, etc. After the death of Nicholas II, his widow continued the Troyes business, and became known throughout the kingdom as ''veuve Oudot'', by the 18th century attaining a near-monopoly in the genre, Oudot went out of business in 1760, due to new legislation limiting the right to reprint works. Garnier persisted into the Republican era, but went bankrupt 1830, as their business model had become outdated and could no longer compete with modern forms of printing publishing. ==See also== *Bouquinistes *Pulp magazine *Colportage 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bibliothèque bleue」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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